Guide for authors

Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology (ANFT) is published tri-annually (January, May and September) in English by the Animal Nutrition Association, India. The suitability of papers for publication in the journal is judged by the peer review. Chief Editor has full responsibility for papers which are edited in the order received.

A. Submission of papers

1. Manuscript of original full length papers (limited to about 4000 words), review articles (up to 8000 words) and short communications (up to 1500 words) must be typed on A-4 paper, double spaced; the original copy along with two photocopies should be submitted. Manuscript, in general, should be organized in the order:

(i) Title (should be clear and not too long) (ii) Present address (es) of authors (iii) Abstract (iv) Key words (max. 5) (v) Running title (vi) Text of research paper divided into Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results and Discussion, Acknowledgement, if any, References, Tables and Figures.

2. Tables should be double spaced and as few as possible; weights and measures must be expressed in metric system and temperature in the Celsius scale.

3. The legends for figures should be typed on a separate sheet. Photographs should be carefully prepared and labelled on the back with figure number.\

4. The preferred medium of submission of revised manuscript by corresponding author is by e-mail (anft.journal@gmail.com).

B. Structure of manuscripts

1. Title page

The first page of the manuscript should start with title page which is to be typed in bold faced print using both upper and lower case letters and set in the centre of the page. The name of the authors follow. Naming an author on a paper implies that the person named is aware of the research reported and agrees with and accepts responsibility for any results or conclusions reported. The address of the institution where the research was conducted should include the name of the institution, city, pin code and country. This should be typed using upper and lower case letters. When a paper has several authors from different institutions, key the author to the address with superscripts (Arabic numerals) and present the additional addresses as foot notes at the bottom of the page. Addresses for reprint requests and address for correspondence should also be keyed using the same number system as for addresses. A running head or abbreviated title should appear centered on the title page. Include the telephone and fax numbers and E-mail address of the contact author on the title page.

2. Abstract

The abstract (not more than 250 words) should appear on a separate page following the title page. The word ABSTRACT is centered, printed in bold face print using capital letters. The text of the abstract should start on the next line. The abstract should summarize pertinent results in a brief but understandable form. It should highlight the objectives, important findings and conclusions of the experiment. Abbreviations that appear in the abstract must be defined before they are first used.

3. Key words

List up to five key words, in alphabetical order, at the end of the abstract that best describe the nature of the research. The term Key words is typed bold faced print followed by a colon. The first letter of each key word be in upper case and key words are separated by commas. Key words should include the species, variables tested and the major response criteria.

4. Headings

Major headings (INTRODUCTION, MATERIALS AND METHODS, RESULTS AND DISCUSSION and REFERENCES) are aligned with left margin and appear in Roman type, with the entire heading capitalized using bold-faced  type. Major headings of review papers may deviate from this standard format. Sub-headings (if required): First sub-heading should appear at the left margin on a separate line in normal italics with only the first letter capitalized and followed by no punctuation. Second subheading should appear at the beginning of the first line of a paragraph in normal italics followed by a colon and with only the first letter capitalized.

5. Introduction

The introduction should start on a new page following the abstract. It should justify the research problem based on a brief review of latest background literatures and specify the hypothesis to be tested.

6. Materials and methods

A clear description or specific original reference is required for all biological, analytical and statistical procedures used in the experiment. All modifications of the procedures must be explained. Diets, animals (breed, sex, age, body weight and weighing condition), analytical techniques, measurements and statistical models should be described.

7. Results and discussion

Results (must be combined with discussion) should be presented in tabular form. The text should elaborate or explain on the tabular data without repeating the numbers extensively within the text. The discussion should interpret the results clearly and concisely and should integrate literature results with the research findings to provide the reader with a broad base to accept or reject the hypothesis tested.

A paragraph may follow the discussion explaining the implications of the findings of the research. If results have no implications, this should be stated.

8. References

References in the text should be cited either Sharma (1998) or (Sharma, 1998); Hasan et al., 1978) or Hasan et al. (1978); Sharma and Ogra (1990) or (Sharma and Ogra, 1990). The references in the bibliography should be listed alphabatically adopting the following style :

AOAC. 1980. Official Methods of Analysis, 13th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC.

Merrill, L.B. and Taylor, C.A. 1981. Diet selection, grazing habits and place of goats in range management. In: Goat Production (Ed. C. Gall), Academic Press, New York, pp. 233-252.

Pattanaik, A.K., Sastry, V.R.B., Katiyar, R.C. and Murari Lal. 1998. Energy kinetics in crossbred calves on synchronized rumen degradable protein and starch based diets. Proceedings of VIII World Animal Production Conference, July 3-8, 1998, Seoul, Korea. pp. 58-59 (Abstr.).

Pedrock, H.B. 1987. Ammoniated Rice Straw as a Feed for Growing Cattle. PhD Thesis, University of New England, Armidale, Australia. Ricardi, C. and Shimada, A. 1992. A note on diet selection by goats on a semi-arid temperate range land throughout the year. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 33: 239-247.

9. Tables

Tables, numbered using arbic numerals, should present numerical data in a self-explanatory manner. Paginate the tables in series with the text. All the tables should be cited in the text. The table title and number is typed in normal face. The title of the table continues on the same line with only the first letter capitalised. Column headings should have normal italics with first letter of each word capitalised. Presentation of pooled standard errors, the general basis for statistical comparisons of means is recommended when variance is homogenous. These should be presented in a separate column or row. Standard errors can be attached to each mean by ± sign when variance or standard error are heterogeneous (e.g. unbalanced experiment or unequal error) because presenting individual standard error tends to clutter up the tables. For diet composition, present major ingredient inclusion levels as a percentage of the total rather than in g/kg of diet.

10. Figures

Figures should be numbered with arabic numerals, have descriptive captions, and be mentioned in the text. Photographs submitted must be of high quality for direct reproduction. Line drawings (in black and white) should be designed with the format of the page of the journal in mind. Separate file (s) for line drawings

should also be submitted along with the text.

11. Reprints

There is no page charges; the corresponding author will be provided with a soft copy (PDF version) of the published article. However, authors of accepted manuscripts are require to pay nominal charges towards the processing fee. The exact amount to be paid by the authors would be communicated at the time of conveying the final acceptance.

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